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Today is the Day: Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil
Check out the main dates of the week between December 5th and 11th
Published on 05/12/2021 - 09:20 By Thiago Guimarães - Estagiário da Agência Brasil* - Brasília
The Today is the day highlights, this week of December 5th to 11th, the anniversary of the death of Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil. Furthermore, the International Human Rights Day, celebrated on the 10th of this month, is a milestone in establishing the right to equality for all.
Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil
On December 5, 2021, it will be 130 years since the death of Dom Pedro II, the last emperor of Brazil. Dom Pedro II was at the head of the empire for 49 years, between 1840 and 1889. He was known as a great supporter of the arts, education and science. It even offered scholarships for Brazilians to study abroad.
The story of the last emperor of Brazil begins when Dom Pedro I, his father, returns to Europe when his son and heir to the Brazilian throne was only five years old. Dom Pedro II could only assume the throne in 1843, when he reached the age of majority. However, considering that Brazil was going through a bad period in the Regency, the Coup of Majority was given, a fact that enabled Dom Pedro II to ascend to the title of emperor in 1840, at just 14 years of age.
His reign was marked by the Paraguayan War and a political crisis, towards the end of the monarchic period. On November 15, 1889, the Republic was proclaimed by José do Patrocínio, with the support of Marshal Deodoro da Fonseca. Thus, the royal family received the request to leave Brazil. Dom Pedro II, along with his family, left the country on December 17, 1889. He never set foot in Brazil again and died of pneumonia while living in France, in 1891.
In 2019, Rádio Nacional 's program Na Trilha da História narrated the monarch's trajectory.
120 years of Walt Disney
Also on December 5, the great designer, entrepreneur, producer and founder of the company that bears his name, Walt Disney would be 120 years old in 2021. Owner of a unique talent as a film producer, Walt created several characters that are still present in anyone's imagination. “Mickey Mouse” is a very clear example of this. Walt Disney was born in Chicago, United States, on December 5, 1901 and died in 1966 in the city of Los Angeles, at 65 years of age.
In 2018, História Hoje remembered the 117 years since the birth of the animation filmmaker, producer and screenwriter Walt Disney. Click on the player to listen:
In 2016, the program Caderno de Música , from MEC FM , paid this tribute to the creator of Disneyland and its famous characters .
230 years without Mozart
On the 5th of December, but in 1791, Wolfgang Amadeu Mozart, an Austrian musician and composer, died at the age of 35. Mozart was known, mainly, for the composition Eine Kleine Natchtmusik , released in the year of 1787. The composer, at the end of his life, composed many works and earned a lot of money with it, but he spent the same amount. In this way, Mozart, for all his importance to music, was buried without much grandeur. Even so, his memory is kept alive through his songs.
The program Partituras , on TV Brasil , aired a presentation by the Rio Symphonic Orchestra, held in 2020, with the main pieces by Mozart.
Fight against corruption
On December 9th, the International Anti-Corruption Day is celebrated. The date recalls the signing by several countries of the United Nations Convention against Corruption, which was, precisely, on December 9, 2003, in the city of Mérida, Mexico. The purpose of the document is to strengthen cooperation among all participating countries to fight the evils of corruption.
The date reminds us that corruption affects the entire society itself. Here in Brazil, the Office of the Comptroller General of the Union (CGU) is responsible for monitoring the implementation of the Convention and other commitments assumed by the country in the fight against corruption.
In 2017, the program Em Conta , on Rádio Nacional , cited some cases that marked the country and contextualized how the date was created.
International Human Rights Day
The International Day of Human Rights has been celebrated since 1950 in memory of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights , which was approved by the United Nations (UN) on December 10, 1948. After two world wars, the resolution intends, through the Declaration , outline ideals that emphasize respect for human beings.
In 2020, the television news Repórter Brasil recalled the importance of the date, especially in times of pandemic. At the time, the Universal Declaration was 72 years old.
International Animal Rights Day
The International Animal Rights Day has been celebrated on December 10th since 1998. This day is important for raising people's awareness about life and the rights of animals, including about a new family structure with the inclusion of pets. The friendship relationship between men and animals is not of modern times, since the rocky period this type of interaction has already been seen.
Lately, the International Day of Animal Rights, together with the Green December, comes to reaffirm the need for discussion about the mistreatment of animals and the creation of laws against such acts.
In 2020, the Tarde Nacional program spoke with the professor and founder of the Animal Rights Center (NEDAI), at the University of Brasília, Elen Geraldes. The group brings together more than 30 researchers and entities linked to the topic.
*Supervised by Alessandra Esteves
Check the Today is Day table for other facts and dates that marked the week
Death of Emperor Dom Pedro II (130 years old)
Birth of the American designer, entrepreneur and producer Walt Disney (120 years old)
Death of the Austrian composer of the classical period Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart (230 years old)
Birth of Bahian writer, politician and activist Carlos Mariguella (110 years old)
Birth of Rio de Janeiro singer Sílvio de Lima, Silvinho (90 years old) - known as O Rei do Bolero e da Seresta, was a singer on Rádio Nacional, in Rio de Janeiro
Invasão Coritinana (45 years old) - Maracanã hosted the match between Fluminense and Corinthians, valid for the semifinal of the Brazilian Championship that year. As it is a unique game and as a reaction to a provocation by the then tricolor president Francisco Horta, more than a thousand buses with fans of the São Paulo team came to Rio de Janeiro - even forcing Detran to create a special operation for traffic on the Presidente Dutra Highway, which connects the 2 states
International Day of Volunteers for Economic and Social Development - commemoration instituted by the UN in Resolution No. A/RES/40/212 of December 17, 1985
World Soil Day - commemoration instituted in August 2002 at the 17th World Congress of the International Union of Soil Sciences to mark the birth date of the Thai king, His Majesty Bhumibol Adulyadej, who came into the world on December 5, 1927, and who is held responsible for many activities to advance soil science and soil protection
National Pastoral da Criança Day - commemoration instituted by law nº 11.583 of November 28, 2007; finally, it marks the date of the foundation of Pastoral da Criança in Brazil, which took place on December 5, 1983, from an experimental program, launched in the Brazilian town of Florestópolis-PR, by the initiative of the Brazilian pediatrician and sanitarist. , Zilda Arns Neumann, with the support of the then Archbishop of the Brazilian city of Londrina-PR, Dom Geraldo Majella Agnelo
Death of the Gaucho politician and former president of Brazil João Goulart, Jango (45 years old)
Birth of Rio de Janeiro singer Emílio Santiago (75 years old)
Death of musician, singer and composer João do Vale (25 years old)
Getúlio Vargas presents the project to create Petrobras (70 years)
National Day for the Mobilization of Men to End Violence against Women - celebrated in Canada and ratified in Brazil by Law No. 11,489 of June 20, 2007
National Rural Extensionist Day
International Civil Aviation Day - commemoration instituted in 1994 in Resolution A29-1 of the Assembly of the International Civil Aviation Organization which was ratified by the UN in 1996, to mark the signing date of the Convention on International Civil Aviation; Its purpose is to generate and reinforce worldwide awareness of the importance of international civil aviation in the social and economic development of States
Birth of São Paulo native Cláudio Villas-Bôas (105 years old) - together with his brothers Orlando and Leonardo, he projected himself in the Brazilian indigenous policy
Day of Justice - celebrated by Brazilians according to Decree-Law No. 8292 of December 5, 1945, which then declared December 8 a holiday for forensic purposes, and which from then on became consecrated to Justice in Brazil, being ratified later in Item 4 of Article No. 62 of Law No. 5.010 of May 30, 1966
Opening of Avenida Paulista (130 years)
International Day for the Commemoration and Dignity of Victims of Genocide and the Prevention of this Crime - date recognized by the UN
International Day for the Fight against Corruption - commemoration instituted by the UN in Resolution A/RES/58/4 of October 31, 2003, to mark the date of signature of the United Nations Convention against Corruption, which was signed by more than 110 countries on December 9, 2003 in the Mexican city of Mérida, and which was ratified in Brazil by Legislative Decree No. 348 of May 18, 2005 and promulgated for Brazilians by Executive Decree No. 5687 of January 31, 2006
Special Children's Day
Birth of director, actor, composer and musical director from the state of Rio de Janeiro, Hamilton Vaz Pereira (70 years old)
Death of Chilean general and dictator Augusto Pinochet (15 years old)
First Nobel Prize ceremony takes place in Stockholm (120 years)
President Nelson Mandela signs a new constitution and ends Apartheid in South Africa (25 years)
clown day
International Human Rights Day - celebrated on the day of acclamation and proclamation of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights in 1948
International Animal Rights Day - created 20 years ago by the English NGO Uncaged, aiming to draw attention to the need to include all animals as moral subjects, with rights, capable of feeling and suffering
Death of the Archduchess of Austria and Empress Consort of the Empire of Brazil, Maria Leopoldina of Austria, first wife of D. Pedro I (195 years old)
Birth of Puerto Rican actress Rita Moreno (90 years old)
Death of Rio de Janeiro actor and TV presenter Rodolfo Bottino (10 years old) - he presented the series Gema Brasil on TVE RJ for almost a decade
Death of composer, caricaturist and designer from Rio de Janeiro Antônio Nássara (25 years old)
Foundation of the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF) (75 years)
International Mountain Day - commemoration instituted by the UN Assembly, in Resolution No. 57/245 of December 20, 2002, with special support from UNESCO
National APAES Day - commemoration in Brazil, established by Law No. 10,242 of June 19, 2001; Its purpose is to mark the date of the Foundation of the Association of Parents and Friends of the Disabled of Rio de Janeiro, which took place on December 11, 1954, as the 1st APAE in Brazil, through the initiative of a group, bringing together parents, friends, teachers and doctors of exceptional
National Tango Day in Argentina
Text translated using artificial intelligence.
Edition: Alessandra Esteves